Inconvenient As Truth And An Unfortunate Misconception!

Inconvenient As Truth And An Unfortunate Misconception!
Not possible to “buy the bottom” of the publicly owned oceans!

This is an unfortunate misconception. There are significant submerged lands available for lease and ownership in the USA says Mark Carr of the North Coast MLPA Science Advisory Team.

Mark Carr (University of California, Santa Cruz, Long Marine Lab Santa Cruz) - is listed third in the 102709 MLPAI Press Release CONTACT: Annie Reisewitz, MLPA Science Advisory Team Members Announced for North Coast - issued by (subsequently, immediately, and within days) ex-California Department of Fish and Game Director Donald Koch.

CONSERVATION LEASING AND OWNERSHIP OF MARINE RIGHTS: LEASING KELP BEDS TO EXAMINE THE NURSERY ROLE OF MACROCYSTIS CANOPY

Beck, Mike, Mark Carr, and KENDRA KARR. The Nature Conservancy, Santa Cruz, CA, USA (MB), University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA (MC, KK), karr@biology.ucsc.edu

It has been assumed that strategies for marine conservation must be substantially different than those for terrestrial conservation, in part because it is not possible to “buy the bottom” of the publicly owned oceans. This is an unfortunate misconception. There are significant submerged lands available for lease and ownership in the USA.

The Nature Conservancy is exploring the leasing and ownership of submerged lands as a tool for marine conservation for a diverse array of ecosystems. To examine some of the benefits, considerations and strategies of this tool in California, the Nature Conservancy has received approval to lease over 1700 acres of kelp forests within the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary. These beds will be monitored over 3 years to assess the biodiversity supported by the kelp canopy, and the potential impacts of canopy removal on diversity. After the initial sampling season, surveys have demonstrated a significant decrease in the numbers of settled and newly settling juvenile rockfish and invertebrates after experimental kelp canopy removal in comparison to areas of intact kelp canopy. It is our hope that the study of kelp beds as nurseries for juvenile rockfish and invertebrates may illuminate some of the key factors that control the diversity of these nearshore species and suggest best management practices.

From the:
CONSERVATION WITHOUT BORDERS SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 20th ANNUAL MEETING June 2006 SAN JOSE, CALIFORNIA, USA

http://codes.lp.findlaw.com/cacode/FGC/1/d12/5/s15400

CAL. FGC. CODE § 15400 : California Code - Section 15400
(a)Except as prohibited by Section 15007, the commission may lease state water bottoms or the water column to any person for aquaculture, including, but not limited to, marine finfish aquaculture.

A person shall not engage in marine finfish aquaculture in ocean waters within the jurisdiction of the state without a lease from the commission.

(3)To reduce adverse effects on global ocean ecosystems, the use of fish meal and fish oil shall be minimized. Where feasible, alternatives to fish meal and fish oil, or fish meal and fish oil made from seafood harvesting byproducts, shall be utilized, taking into account factors that include, but need not be limited to, the nutritional needs of the fish being raised and the availability of alternative ingredients.

(5)Before issuance of the lease, the lessee shall provide baseline benthic habitat and community assessments of the proposed lease site to the applicable regional water quality control board or the State Water Resources Control Board, and shall monitor the benthic habitat and community during the operation of the lease in a manner determined by the regional board or the State Water Resources Control Board.

Half Of The Fish Consumed Globally Is Now Raised On Farms;
'Aquaculture Is Set To Reach A Landmark'
Underwatertimes.com News Service September 7, 2009

http://www.underwatertimes.com/news.php?article_id=14379106852

In the early 1990s, vegetarian fish farms began adding small amounts of fishmeal in their feed to increase yields. However, between 1995 and 2007, farmers actually reduced the share of fishmeal in carp diets by 50 percent and in tilapia diets by nearly two-thirds, according to the PNAS report. Nevertheless, in 2007, tilapia and carp farms together consumed more than 12 million metric tons of fishmeal, more than 1.5 times the amount used by shrimp and salmon farms combined.

"Our assumption about farmed tilapia and carp being environmentally friendly turns out to be wrong in aggregate, because the sheer volume is driving up the demand." On the policy front, Naylor pointed to California's Sustainable Oceans Act and the proposed National Offshore Aquaculture Act, which call for reductions in the use of fishmeal and fish oil in feeds. "You won't prevent the collapse of anchoveta, sardine and other wild fisheries unless those fisheries are carefully regulated."

Fish oil is the main source of lipid in salmonid diet. Marine fish oils are, in general, excellent sources of long chain n-3 PUFA (EPA & DHA), fatty acids required by salmonid. Other types of oils and fats can be used in salmonid diets. Vegetable (canola, soya, safflower, etc.) oils and animal fats (tallow, lard, poultry fat) can also be used at certain levels in feeds without effect on growth performance and health of the fish.

http://fishnutrition.uoguelph.ca/feedint.html

Which opens the discussion of GMO canola and soya! See my article:
Fishing Down The Food Web to Reduction Fisheries:
The MLPA Initiative Entropy Coefficient

http://www.indybay.org/newsitems/2009/10/27/18626856.php

Tomas DiFiore
Seaweed Rebellion North Coast MLPA Resources

http://www.astral-arts.com/resources.html